Acute lymphocytic leukemia ALL is a rare cancer in adults, but it is the most common form of leukemia in children. Acute myeloid leukemia AML is one of the most common leukemias in adults.
Acute promyelocytic leukemia APL is an aggressive type of acute myeloid leukemia. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL is the most common chronic leukemia in adults. Therapies for CLL are improving and changing rapidly. Learn about treatments for CLL. See what it is that bone marrow does and how it can lead to the development of disorders known as myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Mastocytosis happens when too many mast cells build up in the body. Read about how this disorder is diagnosed and its relationship to allergies. Types of Leukemia. Symptoms of Leukemia. Risk Factors for Leukemia. Symptoms of HCL may be similar to other types of leukemia and resemble the flu. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy and blood tests are the primary diagnostic tools.
When complications related to HCL do occur—such as low blood cell counts, frequent infections or lymph node swelling—chemotherapy is typically used. Myelodysplastic syndromes MDS are a group of closely related diseases in which the bone marrow produces too few functioning red blood cells which carry oxygen , white blood cells which fight infection , or platelets which prevent or stop bleeding , or any combination of the three. The different types of myelodysplastic syndromes are diagnosed based on certain changes in the blood cells and bone marrow.
The cells in the blood and bone marrow also called myelo usually look abnormal or dysplastic , hence the name myelodysplastic syndromes. In the past, MDS was commonly referred to as a preleukemic condition and it is still sometimes called preleukemia because some people with MDS develop acute leukemia as a complication of the disease. However, most patients with MDS never develop acute leukemia.
By convention, MDS are reclassified as acute myeloid leukemia AML with myelodysplastic features when blood or bone marrow blasts reach or exceed 20 percent.
Make a difference in the fight against cancer by donating to cancer research. Call us anytime. Acute lymphocytic leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Chronic myeloid leukemia Hairy cell leukemia. This page was updated on September 21, Types of leukemia Leukemia is classified by the type of white blood cells affected and by how quickly the disease progresses.
Types of leukemia explained Acute lymphocytic leukemia ALL progresses rapidly, replacing healthy cells that produce functional lymphocytes with leukemia cells that can't mature properly. Risk factors for ALL include: Being male, white and older than 70 years old Having a history of chemotherapy or radiation exposure.
Some of the common treatment options for ALL include: Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Stem cell transplant Targeted therapy Learn more about ALL Acute myeloid leukemia AML , also known as acute myelogenous leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute granulocytic leukemia or acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, is a fast-growing form of cancer of the blood and bone marrow. Risk factors for AML include: Being male Smoking Having past chemotherapy treatment or radiation exposure Some symptoms may resemble the flu—such as fever, fatigue and night sweats.
Treatment may include: Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Stem cell transplant Targeted therapy Learn more about AML Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL is a typically slow-growing cancer that begins in lymphocytes in the bone marrow and extends into the blood. Common treatment options include: Targeted therapy Chemotherapy Radiation therapy Immunotherapy Learn more about CLL Chronic myeloid leukemia CML , also known as chronic myelogenous leukemia, begins in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow and then, over time, spreads to the blood.
Rarer types of leukemia Among the many different types of leukemia, some are less common than others. Learn more about HCL Myelodysplastic syndromes MDS are a group of closely related diseases in which the bone marrow produces too few functioning red blood cells which carry oxygen , white blood cells which fight infection , or platelets which prevent or stop bleeding , or any combination of the three.
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Scientists don't understand the exact causes of leukemia. It seems to develop from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In general, leukemia is thought to occur when some blood cells acquire changes mutations in their genetic material or DNA. A cell's DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. Normally, the DNA tells the cell to grow at a set rate and to die at a set time. In leukemia, the mutations tell the blood cells to continue growing and dividing. When this happens, blood cell production becomes out of control.
Over time, these abnormal cells can crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow, leading to fewer healthy white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, causing the signs and symptoms of leukemia. However, most people with known risk factors don't get leukemia.
And many people with leukemia have none of these risk factors. Leukemia care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system.
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